ALL ABOUT NOVEL CORONA VIRUS 2019
Hello Readers,
After a long time right.......
Today I am here to discuss the condition which is worldwide spread very badly.
WHO has described the terms.....
EPIDEMIC: The regional outbreak of an illness that spreads unexpectedly. It refers to an increase in cases often sudden, in number cases of disease beyond what is normally expected in a population of an area.
eg., Epidemics in India in the past include the Zika virus, chikungunya, and Dengue fever.
PANDEMIC: Pandemic refers to an epidemic that has spread across countries and continents. The worldwide spread of a new disease.
eg. Plague in the year 1720 is considered a pandemic. Smallpox and Tuberculosis are an example of a pandemic condition.
ENDEMIC: Endemic refers to the constant presence and prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in population within a geographical area.
eg.Chicken pox is considered as endemic in the UK.
Currently, In this blog, I would highlight on 2019 pandemic disease called.....
NOVEL CORONAVIRUS
OR
COVID-19
Let us learn what is COVID-19, structure, where it emerges, its pathophysiology when it comes in contact with the human body,
symptoms, transmission, prevention, treatment......
Globally, there are nearly 55lakhs cases of COVID-19 and nearly 24000 above deaths worldwide.
EMERGING OF VIRUS ;
In Dec 2019 there was a group of cases of pneumonia in china which is caused by a new virus which is the name as 2019 Novel Coronavirus. To be precise it was seen in a group of people associated with seafood and live animal markets in WUHAN CITY, CHINA.
From there it is spread to other people who are in contact with them including family members, health care staff and then worldwide.
SPREADING OF VIRUS is due to man contact in animals or due to mutation of the virus and spreading in humans.
The coronavirus is family including,
MERS-Cov (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus) is transmitted from camels.
SARS-Cov (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus) is transmitted from civet cats.
Novel Coronavirus 19 transmission is not known yet.
STRUCTURE OF COVID 19 virus: Coronavirus are a large group of viruses that consist of a core genetic material surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes, giving the appearance of a crown.
In Latin, the crown is named CORONA.
Different types of coronavirus give different symptoms including respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Respiratory symptoms are ranging from common cold to severe acute respiratory distress. That's why the virus named SARS-Cov first identified in China in 2003
MERS-Cov first found in Saudi Arabia in 2012.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF COVID-19 that is after entry in the human body what is the process that virus does and response are the symptoms.
It is the largest RNA virus. Its diameter is 120 nanometer.
The Coronavirus primarily attacks lung epithelial cells. The coronavirus attaches to the cell with its spike protein attach outside the virus body.
Human to Human transmission occurs by binding between virus spike protein and cellular receptor of the lung which has been identified as ACE 2 receptor. This binding decreases the capacity of the lung to expand which leads to distress and respiratory symptoms.
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
SYMPTOMS
The incubation period i.e, when symptoms are presented after getting an infection is 3 to 7 days or a maximum of 2 weeks.
According to the CDC (Centre od disease control), symptoms are divided according to there severity
Mild: No pneumonia, fever less than 38 degrees of Celcius.
Moderate: Fever, respiratory symptoms and imaging findings of pneumonia.
Severe: Respiratory distress and oxygen saturation at rest is 93%.
Critical: Shock, extrapulmonary organ failure, lung failure maybe death.
In general symptoms
According to WHO, 77.8% belong 30 to 69 years who are susceptible to get COVID-19
Among them 51% affected population are MALES.
The patients are more susceptible to get COVID-19 are those who have medical history positive including hypertensive patients, diabetic patients, HIV-AIDS, Cancer patients etc.....these patient immunity is lower so to get COVID-19.
DIAGNOSIS
The WHO recommended taking samples of the upper respiratory tract( oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal samples) and lower respiratory tract (sputum samples) and stored that samples at 4-degree Celcius.
And then in lab, RT-PCR ( Reverse polymerase chain reaction) is done which indicates the virus is present in the human respiratory tract.
Let me give highlight what is PCR test -It's a test that amplifies the genetic material of the virus and confirmed which virus is present.
Blood tests including Complete blood count, Kidney enzymes, liver function test, etc. are done.
Xray of the chest is done to confirm pneumonia and how much lungs are affected.
TREATMENT
THERE IS NO VACCINE AVAILABLE TO CURE COVID-19 DISEASE YET. Scientists are trying best to get the vaccine.
Supportive treatments are done.
- Fluids are given to prevent dehydration
-Medication to reduce fever
-Supplemental Oxygen is given to a patient in lower saturation of oxygen.
Isolation of infected patient is done for at least 14 days
Some medical trials are done which shows decrease the virus in the human body
Remdesivir -Broad-spectrum antiviral drug which was used to treat Ebola virus
Chloroquine- Antimalarial drug use in malaria and in many autoimmune diseases
Ritonavir and lopinavir- HIV drug recommended by WHO.
For SARS( severe acute respiratory distress syndrome) patients APNOL drug is used.
A person can self diagnose and can judge when to call the doctor by his symptoms or whether he has come in contact with COVID-19 patient, whether he had traveled internationally. If you have a fever cough and breathing difficulties please do call the emergency helpline number of your country.
If you have any symptoms stay home in a different room, get plenty of rest, stay away from other people (stay home quarantine), wear the mask which covers your mouth and nose, if you have any prior medical history do call medical help.
PREVENTION
After a long time right.......
Today I am here to discuss the condition which is worldwide spread very badly.
WHO has described the terms.....
EPIDEMIC: The regional outbreak of an illness that spreads unexpectedly. It refers to an increase in cases often sudden, in number cases of disease beyond what is normally expected in a population of an area.
eg., Epidemics in India in the past include the Zika virus, chikungunya, and Dengue fever.
PANDEMIC: Pandemic refers to an epidemic that has spread across countries and continents. The worldwide spread of a new disease.
eg. Plague in the year 1720 is considered a pandemic. Smallpox and Tuberculosis are an example of a pandemic condition.
ENDEMIC: Endemic refers to the constant presence and prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in population within a geographical area.
eg.Chicken pox is considered as endemic in the UK.
Currently, In this blog, I would highlight on 2019 pandemic disease called.....
NOVEL CORONAVIRUS
OR
COVID-19
Let us learn what is COVID-19, structure, where it emerges, its pathophysiology when it comes in contact with the human body,
symptoms, transmission, prevention, treatment......
Globally, there are nearly 55lakhs cases of COVID-19 and nearly 24000 above deaths worldwide.
EMERGING OF VIRUS ;
In Dec 2019 there was a group of cases of pneumonia in china which is caused by a new virus which is the name as 2019 Novel Coronavirus. To be precise it was seen in a group of people associated with seafood and live animal markets in WUHAN CITY, CHINA.
From there it is spread to other people who are in contact with them including family members, health care staff and then worldwide.
SPREADING OF VIRUS is due to man contact in animals or due to mutation of the virus and spreading in humans.
The coronavirus is family including,
MERS-Cov (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus) is transmitted from camels.
SARS-Cov (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus) is transmitted from civet cats.
Novel Coronavirus 19 transmission is not known yet.
STRUCTURE OF COVID 19 virus: Coronavirus are a large group of viruses that consist of a core genetic material surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes, giving the appearance of a crown.
In Latin, the crown is named CORONA.
Different types of coronavirus give different symptoms including respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Respiratory symptoms are ranging from common cold to severe acute respiratory distress. That's why the virus named SARS-Cov first identified in China in 2003
MERS-Cov first found in Saudi Arabia in 2012.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF COVID-19 that is after entry in the human body what is the process that virus does and response are the symptoms.
It is the largest RNA virus. Its diameter is 120 nanometer.
The Coronavirus primarily attacks lung epithelial cells. The coronavirus attaches to the cell with its spike protein attach outside the virus body.
Human to Human transmission occurs by binding between virus spike protein and cellular receptor of the lung which has been identified as ACE 2 receptor. This binding decreases the capacity of the lung to expand which leads to distress and respiratory symptoms.
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
- Person to Person: The transmission occurs who are in close contact with one another within 6 feet.Respiratory droplets produced by an infected person who sneezes or coughs.
- Household: Family members also get infected when they are in contact with an infected person
- As per WHO person might get COVID-19 if he or she touches a surface or object containing a virus and then touching their own mouth, nose or face.
SYMPTOMS
The incubation period i.e, when symptoms are presented after getting an infection is 3 to 7 days or a maximum of 2 weeks.
According to the CDC (Centre od disease control), symptoms are divided according to there severity
Mild: No pneumonia, fever less than 38 degrees of Celcius.
Moderate: Fever, respiratory symptoms and imaging findings of pneumonia.
Severe: Respiratory distress and oxygen saturation at rest is 93%.
Critical: Shock, extrapulmonary organ failure, lung failure maybe death.
In general symptoms
- A decrease in WBC count
- Runny nose
- Shortness of breath
- Breathing difficulties
- Sore throat
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Cardiovascular damage
- Diaoherria
- Kidney failure
According to WHO, 77.8% belong 30 to 69 years who are susceptible to get COVID-19
Among them 51% affected population are MALES.
The patients are more susceptible to get COVID-19 are those who have medical history positive including hypertensive patients, diabetic patients, HIV-AIDS, Cancer patients etc.....these patient immunity is lower so to get COVID-19.
DIAGNOSIS
The WHO recommended taking samples of the upper respiratory tract( oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal samples) and lower respiratory tract (sputum samples) and stored that samples at 4-degree Celcius.
And then in lab, RT-PCR ( Reverse polymerase chain reaction) is done which indicates the virus is present in the human respiratory tract.
Blood tests including Complete blood count, Kidney enzymes, liver function test, etc. are done.
Xray of the chest is done to confirm pneumonia and how much lungs are affected.
TREATMENT
THERE IS NO VACCINE AVAILABLE TO CURE COVID-19 DISEASE YET. Scientists are trying best to get the vaccine.
Supportive treatments are done.
- Fluids are given to prevent dehydration
-Medication to reduce fever
-Supplemental Oxygen is given to a patient in lower saturation of oxygen.
Isolation of infected patient is done for at least 14 days
Some medical trials are done which shows decrease the virus in the human body
Remdesivir -Broad-spectrum antiviral drug which was used to treat Ebola virus
Chloroquine- Antimalarial drug use in malaria and in many autoimmune diseases
Ritonavir and lopinavir- HIV drug recommended by WHO.
For SARS( severe acute respiratory distress syndrome) patients APNOL drug is used.
A person can self diagnose and can judge when to call the doctor by his symptoms or whether he has come in contact with COVID-19 patient, whether he had traveled internationally. If you have a fever cough and breathing difficulties please do call the emergency helpline number of your country.
If you have any symptoms stay home in a different room, get plenty of rest, stay away from other people (stay home quarantine), wear the mask which covers your mouth and nose, if you have any prior medical history do call medical help.
PREVENTION
- Social distancing is the only key to prevent COVID-19 infection.
- Wash hands properly with soap and water for at least 20 sec.
- Use alcohol-based sanitizer
- Avoid touching your face, nose, and mouth without washing or sanitizing your hands.
- Cover your mouth with handkerchief or mask while sneezing or coughing
- Use your elbows while touching buttons of lifts, other objects outside the house.
- Stay away from people who sneezes or coughs at least about one meter.
- Avoid going to a crowded area.
- Wear a mask that covers the mouth and nose.
AS WORLD IS IN VERY WORST CONDITION PLEASE FOLLOW ALL THE INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN BY GOVERNMENT AND MEDICAL TEAM.
IF YOU DONT HAVE INFECTION OF COVID-19 BUT YOU HAVE FLU SYMPTOMS DO WEAR MASK AND COVERS YOUR MOUTH WHILE SNEEZING.
Disinfect various surfaces as COVID-19 virus can stay on copper for up to 4 hours, on cardboard for 24 hours, on plastic and stainless steel for 2 to 3 days.
All government organizations and WHO are setting rules to fight against COVID-19 please do-follow it to prevent yourself from a deadly virus.
PROTECT YOURSELF, PROTECT YOUR FAMILY.
If we will not follow guidelines given by WHO our world will destroy.
With the last example, I would like to complete my discussion on COVID-19. The COVID-19 is like RAKT BIJ as in Hindu mythology. When RAKT BIJ one drop of blood comes in contact with the ground unnumerable RAKT BIJ was formed.COVID-19 is like RAKT BIJ. COVID-19is demon-like RAKT BIJ.
STAY HOME, STAY CONNECTED, STAY HEALTHY, KEEP SOCIAL DISTANCING.............
Amazing dear😇
ReplyDeleteReally helpful..
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